If you received a speed safety system notice under California’s AB 645 pilot, request a free initial review within 30 calendar days after the notice was mailed. If the agency does not cancel it, you can request an administrative hearing within 21 calendar days after the review result was mailed; an adverse hearing decision can be appealed to superior court within 30 days. Check the notice first: this process is for the pilot’s speed-camera notices, not every automated or officer-issued traffic citation.
First, confirm that your notice is covered by AB 645
California’s AB 645 speed safety system pilot applies in six jurisdictions: Los Angeles, San Jose, Oakland, Glendale, Long Beach, and the City and County of San Francisco. It does not establish one process for every kind of traffic citation in California.
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Check the issuing agency and the code section printed on your notice. A speed safety system notice is different from a red-light camera citation, parking ticket, or speeding citation issued by an officer; those may follow different procedures. If the notice is not an AB 645 speed safety system notice, do not assume the deadlines or steps below apply.
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Keep the notice and, if available, its envelope or other record of when it was mailed. The first deadline runs from the mailing date, not the date you opened or received the notice. The notice should explain how to view or obtain the evidence and how to contact the issuing agency. There is no single statewide submission portal or address established for every city, so use the instructions on your notice.
Before choosing a challenge route, make a simple record of the notice number, issuing agency, code section, camera location, violation date and time, and mailing date. These details help you identify the notice in each request and keep the separate deadlines straight. If the notice does not appear to match the AB 645 process or is from a jurisdiction outside the six listed above, verify what type of citation it is with the issuing agency rather than relying on this sequence.
Understand the three stages and their deadlines
| Stage | Deadline | Cost or payment | What can happen |
|---|---|---|---|
| Initial review by the issuing agency | Within 30 calendar days after the notice was mailed | Free | Request by telephone, in writing, electronically, or in person, subject to the agency’s instructions. The agency may cancel the notice. |
| Administrative hearing | Request within 21 calendar days after the initial-review result was mailed | Usually requires prepayment of the civil penalty. The agency must provide a written process to request a hearing without prepayment if you provide satisfactory proof that you cannot pay. | May be by written declaration, video conference, or in person. A hearing must generally occur within 90 calendar days after the request. |
| Superior-court appeal | Within 30 days after the examiner’s final decision was mailed or personally delivered | $25 filing fee. If you prevail, the fee and any civil penalty paid are refunded. | A new, de novo hearing in superior court; statutory record and service procedures apply. |
These are separate stages, not interchangeable ways to start a challenge. The 21-day period starts when the initial-review result is mailed, and the 30-day appeal period starts when the hearing examiner’s final decision is mailed or personally delivered. Track each mailing date and act before the relevant deadline.
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The process offers different opportunities to explain your position. The initial review is a request to the issuing agency to cancel the notice. The administrative hearing is the next formal stage if the notice remains. The superior-court appeal follows an adverse hearing decision and is heard anew. A request at one stage does not automatically substitute for the next request, so calendar the next deadline as soon as a result arrives.
Step 1: Request the free initial review
Submit your request no later than 30 calendar days after the notice was mailed. California Vehicle Code section 22427(a) provides: “There shall be no charge for this review.” The statute permits requests by telephone, in writing, electronically, or in person, but the notice tells you which practical channel and details the issuing agency accepts.
- Identify the notice. Include its number or other identifying information, your name, and any details the agency requires. Follow the notice’s filing instructions.
- State a specific reason for review. Explain the factual or procedural issue you want the agency to consider. Refer to the notice, image, location, date, or time where relevant. Do not assert an error unless you have a factual basis for it.
- Keep proof of submission. Save a copy of what you sent and any confirmation, receipt, or record of a telephone or in-person request. This can help establish that you acted within the deadline.
- Watch for the result. The agency should mail its decision within 60 days after receiving your request. If it does not cancel the notice, the result should state the reason and provide information about requesting a hearing, including the agency’s procedure for seeking a hearing without prepayment.
The agency may cancel the notice if it is satisfied either that the violation did not occur or that extenuating circumstances make cancellation appropriate in the interest of justice. The initial review is not a court trial, so make the issue clear and support it with relevant information rather than sending an unfocused account.
A useful request is concise but concrete. State what part of the allegation you dispute and why, then point to the information you want the reviewer to consider. For example, if your concern is a detail printed on the notice, identify that detail and explain the discrepancy; if you rely on a document, attach or describe it as the agency’s filing instructions allow. The point is to give the reviewer an identifiable reason to consider cancellation, not simply to say that you disagree.
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Use the method the issuing agency accepts and keep a record of the date you submitted the request. For a telephone or in-person request, note when you contacted the agency and any confirmation or reference information it provided. For a written or electronic request, retain the submitted copy and any receipt or confirmation. The statute permits several kinds of requests, but the actual channel, address, portal, and required identifying details are local filing matters.
The agency’s review result matters even if it is unfavorable. Read it for the stated reason for denial, the next-step instructions, and the written procedure for asking for a hearing without prepayment if you cannot pay. Record the mailing date as soon as you can. The hearing-request period is only 21 calendar days after the result was mailed, so do not postpone reviewing the instructions while deciding whether to proceed.
Step 2: Request an administrative hearing if the notice remains
If the initial review does not cancel the notice, request an administrative hearing within 21 calendar days after the review result was mailed. The notice and issuing agency’s instructions control the submission method and local filing details. The statute allows a hearing by written declaration, video conference, or in person.
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The three formats allow the dispute to be considered in different ways, but the required deadline does not change based on the format you choose. Review the agency’s instructions for how to select a format, submit supporting material, or attend. Do not assume that asking the agency a question, sending more evidence informally, or requesting a particular format counts as filing the hearing request.
Ask about payment relief if you cannot prepay
The usual rule is that the civil penalty must be paid before you may request an administrative hearing. However, the issuing agency must provide a written procedure for requesting a hearing without prepayment if you provide satisfactory proof of inability to pay. Read the review result and follow that procedure promptly; inability to pay is not an automatic waiver, and the required proof and submission details come from the agency.
If prepayment is a barrier, do not simply skip the hearing stage or assume you are ineligible. Look for the written inability-to-pay procedure included with the review result or provided by the issuing agency. Follow its instructions for the proof required and how to submit it, while keeping the 21-calendar-day request period in mind. The procedure exists to request a hearing without paying first; the agency’s instructions determine what it considers satisfactory proof.
Keep a copy of the request and the material submitted to support it. If you need clarification about the local procedure, contact the issuing agency promptly using the notice or result letter. A question or request for clarification should not be treated as an extension of the statutory deadline.
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Review the notice and the evidence made available by the agency. Compare the stated location, date, time, and Vehicle Code section with the image and any relevant records you have. Organize documents or other information that support the particular point you are disputing, and explain how each item relates to the allegation.
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- Keep the notice and any related correspondence or submission confirmations.
- Review the vehicle and plate image as provided; do not assume the notice must show the driver.
- Gather only records that bear on the issue you are raising, such as records that help clarify a disputed date, location, or vehicle detail.
- Present your account clearly and consistently with the documents you submit.
A practical way to prepare is to make a short timeline: the violation date and time printed on the notice, the date the notice was mailed, when you requested the initial review, and when the result was mailed. Then list the factual point you want the hearing examiner to consider and the material that supports it. This helps keep your presentation focused on the allegation and also helps you track the administrative deadlines.
Do not assume that every useful argument depends on identifying who was driving from the image. AB 645 describes a clear rear-and-plate image for the notice and excludes rear-window images. At the hearing, the statutory evidentiary provision identifies the notice in proper form and DMV information about the registered owner as evidence that can establish an initial case. If your position depends on a particular vehicle, plate, date, location, or other fact, explain that point directly and connect it to material you can provide.
At the hearing, a properly formed notice and DMV information identifying the registered owner can constitute prima facie evidence of a violation. That means the agency can establish an initial evidentiary case with that evidence; the recipient may then present evidence and argument in defense. The statute does not require the issuing employee to attend the hearing. Do not rely on the employee’s absence alone as a reason the notice must be dismissed.
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The hearing must occur within 90 calendar days after the request. One continuance of up to 21 calendar days is available on request. Keep copies of the hearing request and any scheduling notices so you can track the process and meet any instructions from the agency.
After the hearing, retain the examiner’s final decision and note whether it was personally delivered or mailed, as that event starts the appeal deadline. If the decision is adverse, consider promptly whether to appeal and verify the superior court’s filing and service instructions. The next step is separate from the administrative hearing and has its own deadline and fee.
Step 3: Appeal an adverse hearing decision in superior court
If the hearing examiner rules against you, you may appeal to superior court within 30 days after the final decision was personally delivered or mailed. An appeal is a new, de novo hearing, rather than only a review of whether the examiner made a legal error. The processing agency’s administrative file is lodged with the court and received in evidence.
The statutory filing fee is $25. The notice of appeal must be served on the processing agency either in person or by certified first-class mail with return receipt. If you prevail, the court filing fee and any civil penalty you paid are refunded. If you do not appeal an adverse final decision, it becomes final.
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Confirm the correct court, forms, filing method, and service instructions with the relevant superior court and the decision notice. The deadlines and required service method make it important to follow the court’s instructions rather than rely on the procedure used for your agency review or administrative hearing.
Plan for both filing and service. The statute describes serving the notice of appeal on the processing agency in person or by certified first-class mail with return receipt; do not assume that filing paperwork with the court alone completes service. Keep a copy of the notice of appeal and proof of the service method and date. Confirm the filing location and any required court forms with the relevant superior court because the available information does not establish one statewide set of local forms or filing directions.
The appeal is de novo, so it is not limited to asking a court to check whether the hearing examiner made a procedural mistake. The agency’s administrative file is lodged with the court and received in evidence, and the matter is heard anew. The filing fee is $25; if you prevail, both that fee and any civil penalty paid are refunded. If you do not prevail and do not appeal within the deadline, the adverse administrative decision becomes final.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Counting from the wrong date. The initial review deadline is 30 calendar days after the notice was mailed. The hearing-request deadline is 21 calendar days after the review result was mailed. The appeal deadline is 30 days after the final decision was mailed or personally delivered.
- Assuming every camera ticket uses this process. Verify that the notice is an AB 645 speed safety system notice and check the issuing agency and code section.
- Assuming a photo must show the driver. AB 645 specifies a rear-of-vehicle and plate image for the notice; it does not make driver identification by photograph the stated evidentiary requirement.
- Assuming prepayment is always mandatory. The ordinary hearing rule requires prepayment, but the agency must have a written process for requesting a hearing without prepayment based on satisfactory proof of inability to pay.
- Using a generic filing address or portal. Submission channels and local forms vary. Follow the notice and agency instructions, and confirm court filing and service requirements with the relevant superior court.
- Missing proof of what you filed. Retain copies and submission confirmations so you can document when and how you requested review, a hearing, or an appeal.
- Treating a request for review as the end of the process. If the agency does not cancel the notice, the hearing request has its own 21-calendar-day deadline after the result is mailed. A hearing decision may then be appealed within 30 days.
- Relying on the issuing employee’s absence. The statute does not require that employee to attend the hearing. Focus your defense on evidence and argument about the alleged violation instead.
- Missing a required service step after appeal. The notice of appeal must also be served on the processing agency in one of the statutory ways. Verify the court’s filing directions and retain proof of service.
What to do when you receive each result
If the agency cancels the notice: retain the cancellation result with the original notice and your request records. It confirms the outcome of the initial review.
If the initial review does not cancel it: read the denial reason and next-step instructions, note the date the result was mailed, and decide promptly whether to request a hearing. The 21-calendar-day period begins with that mailing.
If the hearing decision is adverse: preserve the final decision, note whether it was mailed or personally delivered, and consider whether to file a superior-court appeal within 30 days. Confirm the court’s filing and service requirements and account for the $25 filing fee.
These steps do not guarantee cancellation or a favorable hearing result. They help ensure that you use the available process, identify the facts you are contesting, and avoid missing the separate deadlines and requirements at each stage.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How long do I have to contest an AB 645 speed camera notice?
Request the free initial review within 30 calendar days after the notice was mailed. If the agency does not cancel it, request an administrative hearing within 21 calendar days after the review result was mailed. An adverse hearing decision may be appealed to superior court within 30 days after it was mailed or personally delivered.
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Do I have to pay before requesting an administrative hearing?
Usually, the civil penalty must be prepaid before requesting an administrative hearing. But the issuing agency must provide a written procedure to request a hearing without prepayment if you provide satisfactory proof of inability to pay. Follow the agency’s procedure and timing instructions.
Does the speed camera photo have to show who was driving?
No. AB 645 notices include a clear image of the vehicle’s rear and plate, and exclude rear-window images. At a hearing, a properly formed notice and DMV information identifying the registered owner can establish prima facie evidence; the recipient may present evidence and argument in defense.
What can I do if the initial review is denied?
You may request an administrative hearing within 21 calendar days after the initial-review result was mailed. The hearing may be by written declaration, video conference, or in person. Usually the penalty must be paid first, unless you follow the agency’s written inability-to-pay procedure and provide satisfactory proof.
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How much does it cost to challenge the notice?
The initial review is free. An administrative hearing usually requires prepayment of the civil penalty, although a hearing without prepayment may be requested through the agency’s inability-to-pay procedure. A superior-court appeal has a $25 filing fee; if you prevail, the fee and any paid civil penalty are refunded.
Can I appeal if the hearing examiner rules against me?
Yes. File in superior court within 30 days after the final decision was mailed or personally delivered. The case is heard de novo, and the processing agency’s administrative file is lodged with the court and received in evidence. The notice of appeal must be served on the processing agency in person or by certified first-class mail with return receipt.
Does AB 645 cover every California camera ticket?
No. The pilot applies to speed safety system notices in Los Angeles, San Jose, Oakland, Glendale, Long Beach, and the City and County of San Francisco. Red-light camera citations, parking tickets, and officer-issued speeding citations may follow different procedures. Check the issuing agency and code section on your notice.
The Bottom Line
For an AB 645 speed safety system notice, request the free initial review within 30 calendar days after mailing. If it is not canceled, request a hearing within 21 calendar days after the review result is mailed; if the hearing decision is adverse, you may appeal to superior court within 30 days. Check the notice and the issuing agency’s instructions at every stage, keep proof of what you submit, and use the written inability-to-pay procedure if you cannot prepay the penalty.
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