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Outbyte Driver Updater FREEFix the driver behind crashes, sound loss and screen glitchesFind Drivers →Outbyte PC Repair FREEClear out junk files and repair common Windows errorsFree Scan →Mercedes-Benz deliberately crashed an electric EQA into a much heavier EQS SUV at about 35 mph (56 km/h), with each vehicle overlapping the other by 50 percent. The cars looked destroyed: the EQA was thrown several yards and lost its front-left wheel. Yet Mercedes reported that both passenger safety cells stayed intact, every door opened, all four dummies could be removed, and both high-voltage systems shut down automatically.
That apparent contradiction is the point of modern crash engineering. A car can sacrifice its outer structure to absorb energy while preserving the space occupied by people. This was a Mercedes-run demonstration, not an independent Euro NCAP or IIHS rating, so its result should not be treated as a universal ranking of electric vehicles.
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What happened in the Mercedes EV-to-EV crash
Mercedes-Benz staged what Ars Technica described on November 6, 2023, as the first public automaker crash test in which two electric vehicles were crashed into each other. An EQA and an EQS SUV were driven toward one another at 56 km/h (approximately 35 mph) at Mercedes-Benz’s Technology Center for Vehicle Safety in Sindelfingen, Germany.
| Test detail | Reported result |
|---|---|
| Vehicles | Mercedes-Benz EQA and EQS SUV |
| Impact speed | 56 km/h (about 35 mph) |
| Overlap | 50 percent |
| Occupants represented | Four dummies: three female and one male |
| Power source | Electric vehicles with partially charged batteries |
| Test method | Vehicles pulled by a pulley system and recorded with high-speed cameras |
| Authority | Manufacturer-run demonstration, not an independent consumer rating |
The collision was designed to represent a severe head-on event while exposing how two EV structures interact. The heavier EQS SUV carried more momentum. After impact, the smaller EQA slid several yards and its front-left wheel separated at the control arm.
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Why the wreckage looked worse than the occupant space
Crash zones are supposed to deform
The front ends are engineered to crumple in controlled stages. Rails, suspension mounts and other sacrificial structures bend, break or redirect forces so less energy reaches the rigid passenger compartment. A missing wheel or severely folded hood can therefore indicate that the vehicle used its energy-management structures as designed.
The passenger cell is the critical boundary
Behind the deformable zones is a high-strength-steel safety cell. Mercedes said both cells remained protected, with predictable deformation and enough clearance for rescuers to open every door and remove the dummies. The visible damage does not, by itself, show that the occupant compartment failed; intrusion into that cell and the resulting injury measurements are more meaningful indicators.
Mass changed the post-impact motion
The EQS SUV’s greater mass dominated the collision. The EQA’s longer post-impact slide and detached wheel reflect the difference in vehicle mass and momentum, not a simple conclusion that one vehicle was “safe” and the other was “unsafe.” Vehicle size, structure, restraint tuning and impact angle all matter.
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Mercedes specialists reported four main outcomes:
- The passenger safety cells were protected.
- All doors could be opened after the crash.
- The dummies could be removed without serious-to-fatal impacts reported by Mercedes.
- Internal sensors indicated that the restraint systems operated as intended.
Mercedes also said both high-voltage systems automatically disengaged. That electrical isolation is a central EV-crash issue because it reduces the risk of energized components posing an immediate hazard to occupants or emergency responders.
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“Passed” in this context means the vehicles met the manufacturer’s objectives in this demonstration. It does not mean that either model received a particular Euro NCAP or IIHS score, nor does it establish that every EV would behave the same way in every crash.
How the four safety stages work
1. Assistance
Before a crash, driver-assistance features such as emergency braking and blind-spot monitoring can warn the driver or help avoid an impact. They are intended to reduce crash likelihood or severity, not replace attentive driving.
2. Preparation
When sensors identify an imminent collision, the vehicle can tighten seat belts and prepare airbags. Positioning the occupant before the main impact helps the restraints work more effectively.
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3. Protection
During the crash, seat belts, airbags and the passenger cell manage the forces reaching the occupants. Mercedes said its sensors showed the safety systems deployed appropriately in this test.
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4. Post-crash response
After impact, the vehicles can activate hazard lights, contact an emergency center and shut down the high-voltage system automatically. Mercedes also provides a wire that responders can cut to isolate the system. The exact emergency procedure depends on the vehicle and the responder’s training; a damaged EV should not be treated as safe to touch merely because its airbags have deployed.
Are electric cars as safe as gasoline cars?
This single demonstration cannot answer that question for the entire industry. Crash safety depends on the specific model, its size and mass, restraint calibration, crash configuration and the rating system used. EVs share many familiar safety principles with gasoline cars—deformable crash structures, a rigid occupant cell, seat belts and airbags—but they also add high-voltage components and a large traction battery that require dedicated isolation and rescue procedures.
The Mercedes event does show that an EV-to-EV crash can be engineered so severe exterior damage coexists with a protected passenger cell and automatic electrical shutdown. It does not prove that EVs are always safer, or that gasoline vehicles are less safe, in every type of collision. Independent tests using consistent procedures remain the appropriate basis for model-to-model comparisons.
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What happens to an EV battery after a collision?
The first protective action is electrical isolation. Mercedes reported that both vehicles’ high-voltage systems disconnected automatically in the crash. That limits the immediate flow of high-voltage electricity through the vehicle, although responders still need to follow the model-specific rescue guide and verify the vehicle’s condition.
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Isolation is not the same as declaring the battery undamaged. A collision can damage cells, modules, cables or the battery enclosure. A compromised battery may later heat up or enter thermal runaway, so a severely damaged EV generally requires controlled recovery, inspection and monitoring by qualified personnel rather than ordinary disposal or immediate return to service.
For occupants and bystanders, the practical rule is simple: do not touch exposed orange cables, do not attempt to remove a damaged battery and do not assume the absence of smoke means there is no electrical hazard. Call emergency services and tell responders that the vehicle is an EV.
Important limits of the demonstration
It was not an independent rating test
Mercedes organized the event, selected the vehicles and described the results. The report does not present an independent Euro NCAP or IIHS rating, so the findings should be read as evidence of Mercedes’ engineering targets rather than a standardized market-wide score.
The configuration represents one crash scenario
The test used a 35-mph, 50-percent-overlap head-on impact between two particular Mercedes models. Rear impacts, side impacts, small-overlap crashes, rollovers, higher speeds and collisions involving different vehicle classes can produce different outcomes.
Dummy technology remains an issue
The report noted criticism of U.S. crash-testing practice in a March 2023 Government Accountability Office report, including calls for more representative dummies. Mercedes said its THOR dummies were nearing replacement by newer models with more sensors. Injury conclusions therefore depend not only on the measured forces but also on the capabilities and demographics represented by the test dummies.
What this test actually tells drivers
- Severe crumpling is compatible with a functioning crash-energy-management strategy.
- The passenger cell, door access and measured occupant loads matter more than the appearance of the body panels.
- Automatic high-voltage shutdown is a key part of EV crash safety and responder safety.
- Vehicle mass affects how cars move after impact and how forces are distributed.
- A manufacturer demonstration cannot substitute for independent ratings when comparing vehicles.
Mercedes has also described a “Mission Zero” aim of eliminating crashes in its vehicles by 2050. In the same account, Mercedes-Benz director of vehicle safety Paul Dick cited 1.3 million road deaths worldwide each year; that figure was presented through the company and should be understood as an attributed corporate statement rather than an independently verified statistic in this test report.
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