Tesla’s December 2023 recall covered 2,031,220 potentially affected U.S. vehicles because controls for its Autosteer driver-assistance feature might not adequately prevent misuse. Tesla’s remedy was a free over-the-air software update—not a finding that every listed car had crashed, and not a conversion of Autopilot into self-driving. Owners can check their vehicle’s status by VIN through NHTSA’s recall lookup.
Which Tesla models are affected by the Autopilot recall?
NHTSA campaign 23V-838, acknowledged on December 12, 2023, lists these model-year ranges and a total potential population of 2,031,220 vehicles:
| Model | Model years listed |
|---|---|
| Model S | 2012–2023 |
| Model X | 2016–2023 |
| Model 3 | 2017–2023 |
| Model Y | 2020–2023 |
The campaign applies to vehicles equipped with versions of Autosteer preceding versions that contain the remedy. The model-year ranges identify potentially affected vehicles; they do not establish whether a particular car still needs the update. Check the VIN to confirm. NHTSA’s recall lookup shows unrepaired recalls.
What did Tesla recall, and what was the safety concern?
This was a recall of driver-assistance controls and safeguards, not a recall prompted by a claim that every affected vehicle had crashed. NHTSA said that, in some circumstances, the controls might not sufficiently prevent driver misuse of Autosteer, an SAE Level 2 advanced driver-assistance feature. The agency identified increased crash risk if a driver failed to remain responsible, was unprepared to intervene, or did not recognize that Autosteer was canceled or was not engaged. The NHTSA campaign record describes the concern and remedy.
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Autopilot is not autonomous driving. The recall record concerns a system that requires ongoing human supervision; drivers remain responsible for paying attention and being ready to take control.
What did Tesla change in the Autopilot recall update?
Tesla’s stated remedy was a free over-the-air software update. In its May 6, 2024 information request, NHTSA described five elements of the remedy:
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- A single-pull option for activating Autopilot, with more pronounced slowing when Autosteer is canceled.
- Stricter attentiveness requirements when approaching traffic controls off-highway.
- Increased driver monitoring just after Autopilot activation.
- Temporary Autopilot suspension after repeated forced disengagements.
- Larger, repositioned attentiveness alerts on Model 3 and Model Y.
NHTSA’s acknowledgment listed February 10, 2024 as the expected start date for owner notification letters. The remedy is the software update; the campaign does not call for owners to buy a part or accessory.
Why did NHTSA open a separate query after the recall?
NHTSA closed its earlier Autopilot-controls engineering analysis, EA22002, on April 25, 2024, while opening Recall Query RQ24009 to assess whether Tesla’s remedy was adequate. The closing resume’s failure-report summary records 13 fatality incidents; that figure is specific to the summary and should not be read as a count of all Autopilot fatalities. The EA22002 closing resume describes the agency’s investigation.
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In the query’s opening resume, NHTSA said it had identified post-remedy crash events and concerns based on preliminary tests. The agency also noted that part of the remedy required owners to opt in and could be reversed by drivers. These were reasons to evaluate the remedy, not a final finding that it succeeded or failed. The RQ24009 opening resume sets out the query’s purpose.
What NHTSA’s preliminary review reported
In its May 6, 2024 information request, the agency described a review of 20 crashes in remedied vehicles: nine frontal-path crashes, six low-traction yaw, spin or understeer cases, and five inadvertent steering-override cases. It also reported that preliminary Vehicle Research and Test Center testing did not identify a difference in warning-cascade initiation under the camera-obscured conditions described in the letter. These are preliminary crash-review and test observations, not a final safety verdict or a causal estimate. NHTSA’s information request includes the agency’s questions and preliminary findings.
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Was the Tesla Autopilot recall fixed?
Tesla’s 2025 Q3 recall report, submitted October 30, 2025, listed 2,005,634 vehicles as remedied out of the campaign population of 2,031,220. Tesla defines “remedied” to include vehicles repaired, inspected and found not to need a remedy, or returned to inventory. The figure therefore is not simply a count of software updates installed. Tesla’s quarterly recall report provides the reported count.
The official documents cited here establish that NHTSA opened RQ24009 and describe what it intended to examine, but they do not establish a later final disposition. The reported remedy count is useful completion information; by itself, it does not say that NHTSA approved the remedy or concluded its effectiveness query.
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How do I check if my Tesla has the Autopilot recall?
- Open NHTSA’s recall lookup.
- Enter your vehicle identification number (VIN) and review any unrepaired recalls shown for that vehicle.
- If campaign 23V-838 appears, follow Tesla’s official recall process to confirm whether the remedy is complete or arrange the free update.
A model-year list cannot verify an individual car’s repair status. NHTSA says its VIN lookup displays unrepaired recalls, and its consumer guidance says vehicle recalls do not expire. NHTSA’s recall guidance explains the lookup and recall process.
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